Indonesia one of the world’s biggest archipelago, are abundant natural resources. Indonesia is also home for living things such as animals and plants.

Deforestation in Indonesia also results from land clearing by the burning of large areas. Woods have been cleared and converted into agricultural and timber plantation lands partly in order to secure resettlement area for the Transmigration Plan.

The Suharto government maintained the sole control over forests and promoted timber production by granting logging concessions. By the end of the 1970s, Indonesia's share of the total global exports of the tropical wood had risen from 0 to 40%.

As a result of rampant logging, observers estimate that one of the world's most biologically diverse lowland forests, located in Sumatra, could disappear within three years from 2004. Because of wood cutting and illegal logging.